The Benefits of Volunteering in Schools - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2229 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Volunteer Essay Did you like this example? Laurel BurgerSwindell AP Literature Graduation Project10 March 2018The Benefits of Volunteering in Schools Volunteerism in schools is a free and simple task that can influence an entire community. Volunteering in schools can be defined as free work or services that is completely voluntary and beneficial to a school. The numerous benefits of volunteering in schools has a large influence on the volunteer, the entire school and staff, and the students, these benefits are long-term and extend far beyond the classroom. The profound influence that volunteering has on the volunteer are limitless. These benefits include a positive change in ones overall well-being, potential job experience as well as the possibility of furthering ones education, and the possibility to meet new and influential people. These effects can make all the different in a persons work ethic, application of real life skills, and the opportunity to meet others. The impacts of volunteer work in schools on the volunteer can bring about an influence in ones mental well-being and health. The happiness effect explains the relationship between volunteers and happiness. When researchers at the London School of Economics examined the relationship between volunteering and measures of happiness in a large group of American adults, they found the more people volunteered, the happier they were (Segal and Robinson 1). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Benefits of Volunteering in Schools" essay for you Create order As shown in the study, volunteering correlates with emotions in the volunteer and increases ones mood. There is also a positive correlation with volunteering and its effect on stress, anger, and anxiety (Segal, Robinson, 3). Volunteering proves to be beneficial for everyone involved and the effects it has on the individual volunteer are imperative for living a healthy and successful lifestyle. Courtney Malahias, a school teacher at Snipes Academy, denotes that volunteering in schools provides the volunteer with a sense of purpose and being. For a lot of schools that lack resources and are on the lower end of public schools, volunteers feel very satisfied with what they can provide and the attention that they give and receive back does not go unnoticed, says Malahias. Mental health is extremely important for any person, so the fact that volunteering can provide all of these things while boosting their mentality is extremely impressive. The benefits of these should be fully taken advantage of and all of these things can be brought onto the volunteer while helping others and making a simple contribution. Volunteer work also has the capability of providing job experience to the volunteer and further their education. Depending on what career of interest the volunteer prefers, they can find a large amount of opportunities to find volunteer work in that specific area. You can experience the real world through hands-on work. And you can explore your major or career interests at the same time (Volunteering: How Helping Others Helps You). The experiences you build by doing them yourselves rather than observing them is another form of learning, so for a volunteer to obtain these skills at the help of others is undoubtedly beneficial. Volunteer work in schools offers a wide range of work that can be applicable to many jobs in the workforce. Teenagers may learn they have a gift for instruction when they serve as volunteer tutors, or discover they have management skills that will be useful as they grow older and join the working world (Marcovitz 17). Volunteerings opens a variety of options up to the volunteer, they could discover they have a knack for certain skills they didnt know they had before or experience something new that they might want to pursue in the future. These advantages are not limited to future jobs, but college opportunities as well. Volunteerism is a great way to show admissions officials that you not only care about the community, but are able to manage your time well enough to balance a volunteer job with your other commitments. (Benefits of Volunteerism in High School). These benefits reap influence in future occupations as well as future education. Volunteering has the ability to dramatically influence your future, all while making prominent gains on a personal and professional manner that one will use for the rest of their life. Volunteering has the potential to provide connections to new people who can bring about positive influences in several aspects. Malahias says, Volunteer work in schools has numerous ways to meet new people who can benefit you in new ways that you wouldnt be provided with elsewhere. It is astonishing to see some of the ways that one can adhere with people that they would not normally associate with. The new relationships that one forms during volunteer work proves itself to be rewarding eventually in several ways. Both the people that you are helping and your fellow volunteers can give you new insights. No matter what groups of people youre working with, youll find that they have information and ways of looking at the world that can broaden your horizons (Volunteering: How Helping Others Helps You). The advantages of forming new relationships can extend in terms of the actual volunteer work as well as outside of that specific work, all of which are clearly beneficial. Making these connections can provide role models that volunteers can stem their aspirations from while getting to know them either professionally or personally. The benefits that the schools take away from volunteers can be much greater than one would believe. The work load is taken off of teachers and staff, who depending on the grade or class, can be a huge relief in the overall workload. Volunteers influence the whole staff, but especially the teachers. All the volunteers that come into my class are a huge help. There has been times where I have been extremely stressed but the volunteers that come through make the workload much easier. The volunteers also offer a different perspective of learning to students so that they can learn things in a new way that they may not have understood before under my direction. Malahias notes. Volunteers have the ability to help teachers where they are lacking and compensate for the the workload that they cannot handle or enough time to focus on. They also offer a distraction to students so the volunteer can meet with students or give teachers time to get ahead of their work. Extrapolating from a wide range of research, it seems safe to conclude that volunteers can be a valuable asset in enhancing a schools efforts to support learning and teaching. (Campioni 1). Volunteers can contribute a different learning prospect that can allow students to learn in new and helpful ways. This can make all the difference in a students grades and make learning less of chore. The effect volunteers have on the general manner of the school is undeniably helpful and influential. Volunteers are potentially very notable resources in creating a warm environment in schools and influencing students behavior and performance (Henderson and Mapp). Volunteers provide these benefits without even realizing it. Any volunteer work that has contributed can influence at school in more ways than one. Malahias notes, Volunteers help in so many unpredictable ways that it improves the entire schools demeanor. This would include the staff and students, not to mention what it probably does for the actual volunteer. Volunteer work reaps an unlimited amount of benefits that take a different influence on every school and individually.Many schools that we do not realize, especially public schools, lack resources and materials to provide an equal educational opportunity for all. The paradox of financially distressed schools is that they need low-cost ways to provide supports for the school and for students. (Campioni 3). Volunteers are a potential answer regarding this issue. Volunteers offer a wide variety of characteristics depending on the individuals that offer their time and effort. Different volunteers offer several resources that can be provided just by their time. These resources are also free, which can be a huge benefit for schools with a small income or lack of opportunities, Malahias said. The attributes of each individual that provides their services can amount to a lot. This can make a big difference in schools and it will indefinitely reflect upon the students and staff. The volunteer can be considered to offer the most benefits to the actual students that they are interacting with. Volunteers can influence students on a personal level while boosting their attendance and grades. The educational influence can also impact children permanently and especially at the age in which they are being mentored. Although these influences may seem small, they can affect children for the rest of their lives. The individual volunteer has the ability to get to know the students they interact with beyond an educational level. The students have found a found between themselves and the volunteer or tutor they are working with. Working with volunteers that my students connect with has actually made them excited for class and anticipating the lessons to come! notes Malahias. As shown above, bonds like this cannot be taught but experienced. Volunteers make the educational environment fun and exciting for the students which could impact every student in a different way. Mentors are a special and often popular type of volunteer. Studies suggest that when a mentor is able to develop a close relationship with a student, the student has better academic outcomes. (Campioni 3). Mentors or volunteers get to know who they are helping while influence their academic performance without even realizing it. Beneath every student can be some underlying things that a teacher or adult didnt realize, so this type of relationship could be extremely beneficial for the student. Student can potentially perform better in their classes when they have the opportunity to study from a different perspective. There has been an improvement in the educational performance in children which can mean a positive influence in a wide range of things (Hu 4). Volunteers have the potential to drastically influence a childs education in the most positive way. This influence would not be as prominent if the influence was to come from a different staff member including teachers. Once again, if a volunteer has the ability to change a students life and use in favorable way then it should most definitely be used. Education is so important and if at any age they can be influenced positively on the side of education it should be taken advantage of indubitably. Malahias says. Malahias has experienced this first hand, so if teachers all over the world can see all that volunteers have to offer then it would affect education everywhere. The influence that a volunteer can have on students has the potential to be long-term and affect them for not only the rest of their academic career, but the rest of their lives. As positive role models and student motivators, volunteers are viewed as contributing to better school attendance, improved grades and test scores, matriculation, less misbehavior, better social skills, staying in school, graduating, and going to college. (Henderson and Mapp). Volunteers influence in a wide range of things that cannot be taught. A lot of this influence comes from what the student is choosing to give, but the volunteer could influence a huge part of their education and make school a better experience for them. This influence is also not limited to being educational or personal, but a larger aspect. By giving back to the community, you show them firsthand how volunteering makes a difference and how good it feels to help other people and animals and enact change (Segal and Robinson 3). Children see their elders as possible role models, so how the volunteer acts around them and performs actions it can enact a change in children. This can result in children being more active in their community and making notable changes for a better environment. The impacts of volunteers cannot be measured but experienced. The numerous benefits of volunteering in schools has a large influence on the volunteer, the entire school and staff, and the students, these benefits are long-term and extend far beyond the classroom. As previously shown, volunteering has been proven to ease positively influence the volunteer in personal and professional ways, ease some of the burden of of teachers and staff, and create potential relationships with students that will affect them not only in the rest of their academic careers, but the rest of their lives. Volunteering offers an unlimited amount of benefits and influences that should take advantage all over the globe. Works Cited Social Impact of Volunteerism Points of Light. www.bing.com/cr?IG=62755FCB1B784D4CB25E993E69A155DDCID=3780CA9CE68266391B0FC128E72D6776rd=1h=ZWe_OyvnssP4w4s21auulnGGbuqz3ydvXT_XsZXzyOov=1r=https://www.pointsoflight.org/sites/default/files/site-content/files/social_impact_of_volunteerism_pdf.pdfp=DevEx,5067.1.Benefits of Volunteerism in High School. Scholarships for College Free College Scholarship Search 2017, www.scholarships.com/resources/public-service-and-volunteering/benefits-of-volunteerism-in-high-school/.Volunteers Are an Important Part of a System of Student www.bing.com/cr?IG=FD8FBB795AA0433084531AE2256D06B7CID=202C5BBB3DB0656414A0500F3C1F642Crd=1h=kV_UWcao9Rd5TqQMjKW8jgNICHEuGpeis7nueQJ-j30v=1r=https://www.smhp.psych.ucla.edu/pdfdocs/vols.pdfp=DevEx,5066.1.Volunteering: How Helping Others Helps You, bigfuture.collegeboard.org/get-started/outside-the-classroom/volunteering-how-helping-others-helps-you#!Marcovitz, Hal. Teens and Volunteerism. Mason Crest Publishers, 2014.

Essay about Acquaintance Rape - 2625 Words

It’s 3:20 am. on a Friday morning, and pitch black out. The only things visible are the tree branches and pavement shining from yellow streetlights that carve out a path from the parking lot to the back door of my building. Living on campus at Towson I should’ve owned mace, but I clutched my car key instead, pointed outward ready to stab the eye of anyone deciding to come out of the dark after me. The brisk walk up the hill seems to take half an hour. Finally under the bright lights of the overhang I swipe my card quickly to get inside. The door bolt locks behind me with a loud click. I’m safe. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This is the typical scenario were one would assume a rape to take place. When people think about rape, they usually†¦show more content†¦Even in early age, boys are taught to be more aggressive than girls are. They are expected to enjoy playing sports. Girls are expected to play less aggressive sports. Boys are taught that they should get anything in their ways, even if it means using violence. Girls are taught to stay away from conflicts. Boys are sometimes taught to have a lot of girlfriends, and not to get tied down by one girl when they are young. They are supposed to play the field. Girls are often taught that they should have a steady boyfriend. They are taught to guard their â€Å"reputations.† All of these childhood â€Å"lessons† come into play in date rape for obvious reasons. (Mufson et all, 1993). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Rape is defined as a forced sexual intercourse against the will of the victim (Parrot, 1988). Rape is a violent act, not a sexual act. The myth that men who rape women are sexually pathological has begun to be dispelled and replaced with an understanding that rape is an act of anger, power and control rather than lust. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Rape can happen to anyone. Women from different cultures, races, ages, and economic level are all vulnerable. So no matter who you are or where you live. Most rape, and specifically most acquaintance rape, happens between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five. Because this is the time when young women are most likely to date, it is therefore are most vulnerable age of date rape, though acquaintance rape is not limited toShow MoreRelatedAcquaintance Rape And The College Social Scene1595 Words   |  7 PagesAcquaintance Rape and the College Social Scene In Acquaintance â€Å"Rape and the College Social Scene,† the authors, Sally K. Ward, Kathy Chapman, Ellen Cohn, Susan White and Kirk Williams, main purpose was to report on a study they performed of the cases of sexual assaults at a specific college campus. 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Arthur Miller was born in 1915 in New York Essay Example For Students

Arthur Miller was born in 1915 in New York Essay Arthur Miller was born in 1915 in New York. He was a playwright whose work discussed significant social issues, giving the reader a deep insight into his characters feelings. He died on February 11th 2005. In A View From The Bridge, Eddie Carbone is a middle-aged Sicilian-American longshoreman who lives with his wife Beatrice and his 18 year old niece Catherine. They live in a two bedroom apartment in a slum area. They dont have very much money and Eddie speaks non-standard English. Early in the book the reader gets the impression that Eddie is a hard-working man who is trying to earn enough money to provide for his wife and niece. Although Catherine is the 18 year old niece of Eddie, at the beginning of the story the reader gets the feeling that Catherine is treated as Eddies little girl. Catherine was born in America with a slight Sicilian-American accent. She wants to leave school having been chosen out of many girls to be a stenographer for a plumbing company. Catherine is put in a difficult situation by Eddie because some of his actions suggest he may be sexually attracted to her, but Catherine falls in love with illegal immigrant Rodolpho. There are many dramatic mini scenes in Act 1. In one of them Rodolpho sings in front of everyone. This causes tension between Eddie, Rodolpho, Catherine, Beatrice and Marco. Eddie says à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"Hes like a chorus girl or sumpm. Eddie is saying that Rodolpho isnt normal and that he might be homosexual. This is very insulting and Eddie showing his dislike for Rodolpho even though he has only just met him. Eddies rudeness towards Rodolpho makes Catherine annoyed and Miller writes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Embarrassed now, angered, Catherine goes into the bedroom she gives Eddie a cold look, restrained only by strangers. The audience can see from Catherines face and body language that she isnt very happy with Eddie and the tension this creates. The mini-scene continues with further tension from a disagreement between Eddie and Beatrice as they argue about Catherine. Eddie also says à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" You mean its all right with you? Thats gonna be her husband? He is asking Beatrice whether she would be happy if Rodolpho married Catherine because Eddie obviously doesnt like him. This argument makes Beatrice say à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"When am I gonna be a wife again. Eddie and Beatrice are going through a hard time and Beatrice feels that Eddie isnt treating her like he is supposed to. Eddies reaction to Beatrices comments is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"I cant talk about it. Eddie is becoming tense by Beatrice pestering him and doesnt know how to respond to her questions. The row results in Eddie not bothering to look at or touch Beatrice. The reader can see this from Millers stage directions where he puts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"she tries to turn him to herà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦he keeps his head turned away. Miller, from this stage direction, makes the reader appreciate that Eddie is annoyed. Miller also writes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"Eddieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ his face puffed with trouble, and the room dies. Eddie is being very negative and this is frustrating other characters. Miller creates tension from his dialogue and from his stage directions as facial expressions they describe the characters body language. In act two Eddies presence on stage has a profound effect on the other characters. Miller has presented Eddie in this way through his choice of dialogue and specific stage directions. The tension between Eddie and the other characters grows after he sees Rodolpho emerge from Catherines room with Catherine. Miller states à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Eddie sees him and his arm jerks slightly in shock. He puts this to illustrate to the reader that Eddie is obviously quite surprised and angry. At the time Eddie is a bit drunk and he throws himself at Catherine and kisses her on the lips. Miller writes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" he reaches out suddenly, draws her to him, and as she strives to free herself he kisses her on the mouth. This action could be as a result of Eddie having inappropriate feelings for her or it may be a last ditch effort to stop Catherine from leaving because he cant accept that she isnt his little girl anymore. .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 , .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .postImageUrl , .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 , .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:hover , .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:visited , .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:active { border:0!important; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:active , .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3 .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u77eeb178d4d30a9be44268db5255ddd3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Brutus' Tragic Flaw EssayRodolpho shouts at him à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Stop that! Have respect for her! Rodolpho eventually manages to pull Eddie off her and Eddie turns round to face Rodolpho. Rodolpho then says à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Shell be my wife. That is what I want my wife. My wife! The use of the exclamation marks shows the passion in Rodolphos voice and contributes to creating dramatic tension. This infuriates Eddie even more and he teases Rodolpho who tries to attack Eddie, but Eddie lunges towards Rodolpho and kisses him on the lips. Miller says à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Rodolpho flies at him in attack. Eddie pins his arms, laughing, and suddenly kisses him. A motive for kissing Rodolpho could be an attempt to prove to Catherine that Rodolpho is homosexual. The above stage directions in this mini scene are designed to achieve visual tension among the characters describing physical contact and body language especially that of Eddie so that the audience can fully appreciate the growing nature of his relationships with Catherine and Rodolpho. Events in act two build up to the tragic climax. In this mini scene Eddie reports Rodolpho and Marco to the Immigration Bureau who take them away and it is widely believed that Eddie was the person that reported them. When Catherine tells Eddie that she and Rodolpho are getting married Eddie tries to make her rethink her decision. He pleads à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Katie, wait a minute. But Catherine responds with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" No, I made up my mind. Even now, after everything that has happened before, Eddie doesnt want Catherine to leave. Even though Eddie is against the marriage he tries to get Marco and Rodolpho out of the house before the Immigration Bureau arrive. He becomes worried and anxious. He says nervously à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Catherine! Whatre you, got no brains? You put them up there with two other submarines? Miller also states à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" In a driving fright and anger, to describe the way Eddie was acting. Catherine moved Marco and Rodolpho to an apartment upstairs where Eddie knew the Immigration Bureau could find them. Eddies newly found care for Rodolpho and Marco meant that when the Immigration Bureau knocked on the door they all knew it was Eddie who had reported them. Mi ller writes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" A knock on the door. His head swerves. They all stand motionless. Eddie does what he can to make Marco and Rodolpho avoid being caught by the Immigration Bureau but it was too little too late. Miller also puts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"Catherine stands motionless, uncomprehendingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦she stands a moment staring at him in realized horror. This stage direction visualises for the reader the dramatic tension, it shows that Catherine knew what Eddie had done and that she was shocked and surprised that even Eddie would report them after he had constantly told her how it was against the Sicilian Code of Honour. In this mini scene Miller skilfully via his stage directions used the lack of motion to create tension. Eddies actions in act two are against everything that he was saying in act one and his jealousy makes him commit an unforgivable crime against his family and the Sicilian community. In act one he was telling Catherine how it is against the Sicilian Code of Honour to report an illegal immigrant under any circumstances. When Beatrice was describing a boy that once reported his uncle she said à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" He had five brothers and the old fatherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and they pulled him down the stairs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" three flights his head was bouncing like a coconut. At the time this play was set, late 1940s, it wasnt acceptable to be homosexual and in act one Eddie makes it sound like being homosexual was almost as bad as breaking the Sicilian Code of Honour. Yet in act two he kisses Rodolpho. I think A View From The Bridge is a very interesting book as it raises social issues that are still relevant today and it shows the difficult decisions a Sicilian American, such as Eddie, had to make in the late 1940s.

The New Concept of Market Segmentation

Executive summary Marketing segmentation is the new clichà © in the field of marketing. Initially, mass marketing was very popular, but the new concept of market segmentation was developed to address challenges arising from mass marketing. Unlike mass marketing, market segmentation recognizes disparities that exist among different consumers and it is upon this notion that its principles both in theory and practice are founded.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The New Concept of Market Segmentation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During segmentation process, consumer needs among individuals with similar characteristics are identified and concurrently specific products and services are designed to suit those needs. The popularity of the above strategy has been accelerated by instability of segmentation variables such as demography, behavior and geography. In addition, firms that have adopted marketing segmentatio n have realized benefits such as market niche benefits, consumer brand loyalty and competitive positioning in the market. On the other hand, market niche might lead to negative results especially to small firms in the event of sales decline. Introduction The concept of marketing is not anything new in business. The rise of free markets, in spite of its numerous benefits, posed serious challenges to businesses due to increased competition (Martin, 20011, p. 15). As a result, the idea of marketing was conceived as firms tried to promote brand recognition among potential consumers (Martin, 20011, p. 15). Initially, firms embarked on mass marketing whereby consumer’s tastes and differences were not differentiated (Bell, 2009, p. 27). However, numerous researches in this field exposed new information that consumers’ needs were diverse and differed from one individual to another (Bell, 2009, p. 29). It is against this background that the concept of market segmentation was de veloped in theory and sooner adopted into practice. According to Dibb and Simkim (2007, p. 53) the concept of market segmentation seeks to establish different needs of targeted consumers with an aim of grouping together individuals who share several characteristics. Since the initial conception, market segmentation has experienced rapid growth owing to its popularity in the business arena around the world (Martin, 2011, p. 17). The recent popularity of market segmentation can be linked to several condusive environment factors.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unstable and evolving demographic factors To begin with, market segmentation is dependant on demographic composition of a population (Kim, 2011, p. 153). Concurrently, research studies have indicated that demographics variables such as lifestyle and gender based preferences and tastes are evolving each day (Martin, 2011 , p. 16). For instance, only recently men were not known to take interest in cosmetic products and fashion. However, in recent years, the rise of metro-sexual man has compelled producers to come up with cosmetic products, fashion magazines and other similar brands that target male consumers. For instance, Nivea for men brand which was developed to address the needs of the aforementioned type of men (Kim, 2011, p. 156). In terms of lifestyle variable, research has shown that present day consumers have developed sophisticated tastes and this has greatly impacted businesses dealing with food be it raw or ready, as people become more conscious of their health. As part of market segmentation strategy , products to suit the needs of this particular group of people have found their way into the market and it is now common to see food labels such as ‘low fat’ ‘whole meal’ , ‘high protein’ and so on (McWilliams, 2011). Similarly, consumers’ needs vary with age, hence market segmentation based on the same. However, in recent years, aging is being looked at differently. Whereas there are individuals who are proud of the various body changes that occur with age, others despise the aging process. For this reason, products targeting this group of consumers have evolved and nowadays it common to find cosmetics with labels such as ‘anti-aging cream’ in supermarket shelves (Martin, 2011, p. 17). In addition, income disparities among populations have promoted market segmentation based on this concept. Marketers have realized that price sensitive buyers represent the larger part of the population (Raaij, 2004, p. 52). In order to maximize turnover, firms have no alternatives but to develop products and services that target this particular group of people.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The New Concept of Market Segmentation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Lear n More The recent economic recession has reduced consumer spending habits and thus firms are rushing to tap the little money that consumers are willing to spend (Martin, 2011, p. 16). The recent rise and popularity of budget hotels all over the world can be attributed to reduced disposable income due to deteriorating economic times (Bell, 2009, p. 30). Geographical factors and globalization Secondly, globalization has accelerated market segmentation based on geographical variables (Gaston Oscar, 2011, p. 268). As businesses explore international markets, they are compelled to modify their products and services with an aim of capturing the different and diverse market characteristics (Bell, 2009, p. 32). For instance, when MacDonalds ventured into China market, they realized that beef burger brand was not popular since the locals preferred chicken. To counteract this challenge, chicken burger brand was initiated although they still retained beef to cater for international visitors especially those who originated from U.S (Bell, 2009, p. 31). A similar situation was present in India whereby due to religious concernss, beef in the burger was replaced with lamb (Raaij, 2004, p. 52). The examples above signifies that market segmentation in terms of geographical variable is not going to ease anytime soon since international business ventures are gradually gaining momentum. Evolving behavioral factors Thirdly, changes in consumers’ behavior have heightened the need for continuous market segmentation researches in order to capture the new and discard dated consumer needs (Dibb Simkin, 2007, p. 58). The underlying principle behind marketing is to attract potential customers to a particular brand and consequently create brand loyalty. At times, it is becomes necessary for a business to develop brands targeting loyal consumers. For instance, tour firms dealing with holiday packages design special offers for loyal customers (Martin, 2011, p.15). Still, market s egmentation will continue to be popular based on the fact that consumer behaviors in terms of level of usage are changing. For instance, initially women were not known to be heavy drinkers of beer, but this trend is slowly changing and beer manufacturers have diversified the brand of beers targeting women (Geraghty, 2009, p. 146).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similarly, as organizations reduced usage for office machines such as fax and photocopiers mainly because more of the paperwork is nowadays conducted via digital platform, manufactures have come up with brands targeting light users of the said gadgets (McWilliams, 2011). Benefits of marketing segmentation It is imperative to mention that the rationale behind market segmentation was to confront the competition challenges present in mass marketing. Marketing literature indicates that a wide market segment attracts more competition among businesses than sub segments (Dibb Simkin, 2007, p. 59). According to Thomas and Brook-Carter (2011) increased competition among firms limits the benefits of mass marketing. Therefore, businesses use marketing segmentation to acquire a strategic niche in the market. Marketing segmentation is greatly advantageous especially to small firms whereby they concentrate their resources to develop a product that would meet the needs of a particular group of co nsumers who are more often ignored by the large companies (Gaston-Breton Oscar, 2011, p. 280). The dissatisfaction might be in terms pricing or quantity. For instance, Unilever, in an attempt to meet the needs of low income consumers in developing countries, it came up with small packaging of products such as toothpastes (Gaston-Breton Oscar, 2011, p. 284). On the other hand, marketing segmentation can also bring benefits to large firms whereby targeting different markets ensures that their brands do not compete against each other but achieves a competitive edge with competitors brand (McWilliams, 2011). For instance, the various brands of soaps such as Ivory, Coast, Zest and so on by Procter and Gamble target different market segments. Needless to say, marketing segmentation enables marketers to establish hidden needs of their target markets and from this information, they get ideas for improving existing products to capture whatever hidden need is available (Martin, 2011, p. 18) . Similarly, through marketing segmentation, firms are able to establish whether their targets consumers bring froth profitable benefits and this act as guidance to the firm to avoid future investment in unprofitable brands (Thomas Brook-Carter, 2011). As aforementioned, brand loyalty is an important factor to beat competition, and this is usually promoted via market segmentation, whereby if a business suceeds to satisfy the needs of its target customers fully, there is a possibility that brand loyalty will be achieved (Martin, 2011, p.15). Finally, the process of marketing segmentation lays the foundation for competition analysis. Kim (2011, p. 155) highlights that it is highly important to be knowledgeable about the strengths and weaknesses of a competitor in order to succeed in market segmentation. Competitors’ analysis should aim at establishing areas where a competitor have exhibited some weaknesses and capitalize on the same to achieve success in segmentation and proba bly realize higher return of marketing expenditure (Kim, 2011, p. 157). Shortcomings of market segmentation The fact that effective marketing segmentation has the possibility of reaping maximum benefits for a business is not disputable. However, literature in this field indicates that there are several shortcomings arising from this marketing strategy. However, it is important to mention that there are several strategies that firms adapt in the process of market segmentation and each strategy is susceptible to unique shortcomings (Geraghty Torres, 2009, p. 149). As exemplified above, small firms can benefit from niche market segmentation. Apparently, niche markets can do both harm and good to the profitability of small firms. Isolated but closely related case studies have indicated that sales and growth of economies of scales in niche markets is greatly restricted. The above situation can threaten the survival of a firm in the event of declining sales (Kim, 2011, p. 152). In a nuts hell, it is evident that the recent concept of market segmentation is gaining popularity in marketing. Increasing competition amongst firms triggered and heightened by globalization has accelerated adoption of the concept owing to myriad of benefits attached to segmentation. Although the strategy attracts both benefits and shortcomings, the benefits exhibit more weight. Thus any profit minded firm have no otherwise but to adapt market segmentation. As a matter of fact, mass marketing is both ineffective and expensive as compared to segmented marketing. References Bell, J. 2009. BRICOland brands: the rise of the new multinationals. The Journal of Business Strategy, 30(6), 27-35. Dibb, S. Simkin, L.2007. A program for implementing market segmentation. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 12(1), 51-65. Gaston-Breton, C Oscar M. M. 2011. International market selection and segmentation: a two-stage model. International Marketing Review, 28(3), 267 – 290. Geraghty, S. Torre s,A. M. 2009. The Irish wine market: a market segmentation study†, International Journal of Wine Business Research,21(2), 143 – 154. Kim, T. H. 2011. External validity of market segmentation methods: A study of buyers of prestige cosmetic brands. European Journal of Marketing, 45(1/2), 153– 169. Martin, G. 2011. The Importance of Marketing Segmentation. American Journal of Business Education, 4(6), 15-18. McWilliams, J. 2011. MARKETING: Singing Coke’s praises evolves: Company strengthening ties to music world to reach young buyers. Web. Raaij, W. F. 2004. Domain-specific Market Segmentation. European Journal of Marketing, 28(10), 49-66. Thomas, J. Brook-Carter, C. 2011. Social Media in the Food and Drinks Industry – 2011 edition: Case Studies. just – food: Social Media in the Food and Drinks Industry [Online ]. This report on The New Concept of Market Segmentation was written and submitted by user Arya D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Reaction rates of Mg mixed with 2HCl

Reaction rates of Mg mixed with 2HCl INTRODUCTIONThe reaction type we are looking at and testing is neutralisation. This reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base. The base reactant should be neutralized. In this case the acid is reacting with a metal, magnesium. The magnesium will be mixed with hydrochloric acid and should be neutralized. Magnesium chloride and hydrogen will be formed when the reaction takes place.2HCl + Mg - MgCl2 + H2Reaction rate is the speed of which a reaction takes place. If A reaction has a low rate, this means the molecules are combining at a lower speed. A way of measuring the rate of a reaction is recording how fast one of the reactants disappears. A theory used for the rate of a reaction is the collision theory. It states that the more collisions of molecules, the more combinations, and the reaction will be faster. The number of collisions in a reaction is not always the same.Hydrochloric acid 05They will be different according to what substance is used and other variables. The main th ings that effect the collisions include the concentration of a reactant, and the temperature. The concentration of a reactant changes the amount of collisions because it has increased molecules in an amount of space. This makes it more crowed and less chance of a molecule moving through an area without colliding. When the temperature is increased, molecules will move faster. This will also raise the number of collisions because when molecules are moving faster they will collide more frequently. This theory should mean that when we use different concentrations of hydrochloric acid, the rate of reaction will change.The independent variable is the concentration of hydrochloric acid. This concentration will effect the reaction by speeding it up and slowing it down. This happens because in a high concentrated acid...

The Proper Way To Make References In A Dissertation

The Proper Way To Make References In A Dissertation How To Make References In A Dissertation Right? When it comes to academic papers, every writer must understand the importance of references. It has many reasons to be so significant. Firstly, this is one of the main requirements for the academic writings and it serves as a final touch for the paper, showing it is completed. Secondly, this is a way you can maintain statements in the text and provide proofs for your arguments. The presence of references displays that you have done quality research and have a deep knowledge of the topic you have disclosed in the dissertation. Today we will take a closer look at â€Å"academic† or â€Å"scholar† references in academic writing and discover their peculiarities. What is academic reference? This is the type of references you add to your academic paper to direct your reader to the sources of the information you have used in the paper. It can be a citation, quotation or another way of â€Å"borrowing† thoughts from other experts. We have many options for providing references in the paper. In this article, we will take a closer look at three of them. However, they all have similar features and purposes and provide the same piece of basic info about the source of thoughts: the name of the author of the text you refer to; the name of the paper/article/book/etc.; the type of work (book, article, magazine etc.); the date of publication, edition (if you refer to the particular edition of the book, with specific features, you need to specify what copy you have used exactly as the information, used in the older versions may drastically differ from statements used in the latest copies or the structure may vary and create a confusion when reader will try to find the original source you refer to); the place of publication and the name of the publisher; extra details, if needed, to provide complete direction to the source of information that is used in your academic paper. Reasons you need to make references and when you should do so Excluding plagiarism The most significant reason to use citation is to exclude cases of plagiarism in your dissertation or any other paper. It is not forbidden to add to your work thoughts and statements of other influential experts in the field. But you can do so only with proper references for their work. This is the way you can support your own statements and give credits to the people who have inspired you in your own discoveries at the same time. Keep in mind, that references are required not only for direct quotations of someone’s words but also to other data and thoughts, even if you have paraphrased them. Some people plagiarize other works unintentionally. But still, they are under the danger to be accused of dishonest researching. We advise making references anytime you know or consider the thought in your work is the representation of some other one. Be cautious. Additional reasons Apart from the danger of being accused in plagiarism, you need to keep in mind a few more reasons to make a habit to provide references to the sources of information you use. They are important in evolving as a scholar and following policies of collective knowledge creation: provide readers with the opportunity to dig deeper and find out wider explanation of the things from your paper, which can be a thing if your work stimulates reader’s thinking. Moreover, thus us just a common scholar courtesy to display the way your thoughts were formatted clearly and understandable; providing references to the works of other scholars will show you have done deep research on the topic and display your insight into it. This may help you in convincing your readers and make your arguments sound stronger. With quotations of the reputable sources, your interpretations may become even more understandable. What system for references is better to choose? Usually, there are no many options. In most cases, you will have an opportunity to choose between parenthetical referencing and footnote referencing or their preferred parenthetical and numerical styles for Arts or Humanities subjects and for Sciences or Social Sciences respectively. As a rule, it is up to the university choice. In case you have an opportunity to choose, you need to study the â€Å"usage† passage and check the following aspects: What is the number of sources you are about to use in my work? To what extent will you use the sources: will you use a lot of data from them or just include a few thoughts from each of them to point out some trends in the field? What will you choose: paraphrasing or direct quotes? So in case, your educational institution will provide you with the freedom to choose the referring method, use this checklist to make the right choice considering specifications of your work. Ways to make effective and consistent references Systematism Working dissertation, it is obvious that you will have to use dozens or even hundreds of sources and will have to provide references to them as well. You will need to work on the bibliography section for sure to display the list of used sources. But during months or even years of work on the paper it is impossible to remember and recall all the book, articles and papers you base your research on. So it would be wise to develop a system for organizing all the materials, whether you just read them or quote. This approach will be helpful for writing the bibliography section and making in-text quotations as well. Helpful software for automatizing the process Academic writers usually have their own ways of organizing sources lists and notes for their work. They may use spreadsheets or make notes on paper. It is good to implement even these techniques. But when you work with numerous sources and for a long time, you may require additional assistance from special software for managing references. This is one of the most effective ways to store and retrieve sources. Many educational institutions provide commercial subscriptions for their workers for software like RefWorks and EndNote. But you also may use free packages of Zotero. There might be some restrictions compared to the paid versions, but still, it can serve a great deal. Usually, this type of software provides a similar list of features: the feature for organizing the database by dividing it into different folders according to the particular criteria, that is especially useful for large databases; a number of fields that collect info that is typically needed for the proper citation in the academic paper; at least one option for automated recording of the info (for instance, plugins for grabbing citation data from pages you use in your work; DOI searches for collecting citation info right from the internet; functions for importing text or XML files, or even complete databases); plugins for word processing to make in-text quotations in any footnote or parenthetical form; at least one tool for creating lists of references or bibliographies – in a text form extracted from the program or collecting data about sources from the word procession results. Using these helpers, you can save a great deal of time while you will have an easy way for cataloging, retrieving or annotating materials you use in your paper. The automated citation will help you to create the full bibliography list for your paper. But keep in mind that automated tools cannot guarantee 100% accuracy in their results. So it would be better to check the records of the program and complete them with missing data or to fix some inaccurate parts. Parenthetical references Usage This type of references is used most often in academic writing and it can be applied in various academic disciplines with minor differences considering discipline specifications. MLA and Chicago styles are usually used in disciplines of the Arts and Humanities field, particularly in the north part of USA. When it comes to Social Sciences, APA can be appropriate. But the Harvard system is the most universal option that is acceptable by most universities and disciplines globally. Parenthetical methods are usually applicable on an economic basis. With their help, the reader may quickly and without any special troubles or time-wasting find the source of the provided information in the section with all references (can be marked as â€Å"References† or â€Å"Bibliography† etc.) where all the papers you have cited are collected. Due to the fact that this style is based on economy approach, it has simplified requirements considering the author’s name. So you can specify it only if it is not clear from the context. But if your quotation looks like â€Å"Brown states that.† you can omit Brown’s name in the references a few phrases later. System based on author-date principle Most references of the parenthetical format are based on the â€Å"author-date† principle. They include the name of the author and then the year of publication. As it was stated above, you can omit the author’s name and specify only the year, in case the name is understandable from the context. Here’s an example: We can observe many complaints that we have â€Å"too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research† (Brown 2018, p.8) or Brown claims that â€Å"There are too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research† (2018, p.8) The year of publication is the second main information about the source you need to specify in your referencing (after the name). This allows easy tracking of the source of the thoughts of the piece of the text and finds it in the bibliography section. The author-date principle usually creates a unique marker for each source of information. But in can the scholar has written more than one academic work in one year without specifying other dating information, and you need to use and quote each of the sources in your dissertation, so you need to make each identifier unique like â€Å"2018a† and â€Å"2018b† etc. The way you make references may differ depending on the selected format, discipline etc. For instance, we will use APA when we are assigned to write a paper on any of the Social Sciences discipline. It does not have any strict rules for mentioning page numbers as usually in such works the sources of information are rather paraphrased then cited directly. In most cases, it is just a general reference for giving credit to the inspiration and the direction for the thoughts in the paper. In the APA system, you need to specify the author’s name and the date of publication. In case you need to mention the page number, add this information at the end of the quote in a separate parenthetical note. Brown (2018) claims that â€Å"There are too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research† (p.8) The Harvard system This citation method required separate disclosing, despite the fact it belongs to the author-date group of referencing styles. There are high chances that your university uses the Harvard system as the main citation system, or at least for some disciplines. But it is also possible, that your university may understand this system differently comparing to other educational institutions. While Chicago and MLA styles serve as detailed identifiers that have many rules for academic writing, apart from the references, Harvard method only specifies the type of info you need to add to your reference, but it has much more formatting rules. Harvard formatting differs from institution to institution and publication that apply this style. So variations may be many, but we can define basic principles that remain the same: capitalize the name of the author; referring to the page numbers, use â€Å"p.† or just add the number; separate the name of the author and the publication data with a comma; use the formatting and elements of bibliography that is specified by the university. It may be confusing, but many universities do not take into consideration these specifications. If you go to any library in any university, you will see that its referencing guide will disclose the main set of rules of Harvard System, without including elements of its variations. This will help you to identify the unique requirements and spot the ones, added by your university or software. Keep in mind this information, especially if you use the special software to automate tracking and collecting bibliography data. If you will choose the Harvard system in its settings, the high chances that the result will not match the requirements of your university. So you will need to fix some settings manually to reach the needed format. Some referencing tools offer a few variants of the Harvard system, so you can try each of them to find the most suitable option for you and your university. But still, you may need to make a few corrections as well. MLA format and features of MLA approach is even more economical in using the information in references. The main thing here is that we do not have to use dates but organize sources according to the names of the authors with minimal punctuation as well. For instance, it can look like this: We often hear complaints that there are â€Å"too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research† (Brown 8) In case the author has more than one work, connected to the discussed topic, you can add a reference to the particular book, but make it the shorter possible, like this: We often hear complaints that there are â€Å"too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research† (Brown, Education’s 8) More examples Take into account that all the references we provide in the examples are fictional and made up by us to display the main principles. In text: We often hear complaints that there are â€Å"too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research† (Brown 2018, 8) In the list of references: Brown, John. 2018. The Challenges of Modern Education: Requirements and Academic Writing. Parenthetical styles examples Chicago (author-date) MLA (Modern Language Association) Harvard APA (American Psychological Association) Footnote/endnote references and their usage Usage Method of footnote referencing is used mostly in papers in Arts and Humanities disciplines and more common in the UK and Commonwealth countries. It is suitable for direct quotes and references to the sources when it is required to provide instantly what source has been used and when you need to add some comments to the info you have used in the main text. This type of referencing usually includes page numbers if possible. The exceptions are the classical texts that may exist in various editions and in such cases it is more appropriate to refer to the particular chapter, scene, line etc. Footnoting is based on the assumption that the reader may decide to trace the source to study the context of the quote and get a deeper understanding of the thoughts in the paper. So we often can see this type of referencing in the books and articles and they usually contain bibliography references and other info about the source. Formatting and style specifications Usually, we can see the number in the superscript note (less often – parentheses) at the end of the sentence of the passage quoted or some other option to display that the text has noted. In most cases, footnotes can be found at the bottom of the page that contains the reference. It can also be an adjacent page in case there is too much text in the footer. The referencing section as a rule id separated from the main text with a horizontal line. Less often universities use the endnote approach when all the references are marked with a running number and then at the end of the paper, book etc. we have a special chapter with references and comments. The amount of details in the footnote reference usually depends on the presence or absence of the bibliography. If the is one, in a footnote we can just add the main info to track the original source in the bibliography section. It can be the name of the paper and its author’s name and the particular page where the quote is. Footnote is the unique style as it allows using bibliography as well with the sources of quotations. You also can add to the footnote any other source and information that is important for the deeper understanding of the paper your work on, whether you cited it or not. In some cases, footnote referencing does not imply the bibliography section at the end of the paper. This means that all the details about the source of information must be added to the footnote. At the same time, two the most popular styles Oxford and MHRA usually require that all possible bibliographic details were mentioned in the footnote as well as in the bibliography section in the alphabetic order. Sometimes MHRA allows omitting of the general bibliography, but often universities require creating it anyway. Considering this, the short note is allowed (containing the author’s name, title and the page of reference) to be added to the footnote after the source was mentioned and introduced before. Examples In text: Brown often complaints that â€Å"There are too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research†. 1 In the footer: Brown, John. 2018. The Challenges of the Modern Education: Requirements and Academic Writing (Oxford: Scholars Press, 2018), p. 8. In the list of references: Brown, John. 2018. The Challenges of the Modern Education: Requirements and Academic Writing (Oxford: Scholars Press, 2018). Footnote style examples MHRA (Modern Humanities Research Association); Oxford; Chicago (footnote style). Numbered reference styles Usage Numbered referencing style is most common in scientific works. They are perfect for cases when there are too many sources of information and they are used brief or paraphrased and when you use more than 5 sources to prove one point or statement but without direct quotations (or without it at all). Numbered collection of the references in bibliographic records are the best options for cases when there are too many sources and even the shortest parenthetical approaches will lead to the often and long interruption of the main text. Format and features Every source you use in your work has its unique number in the bibliography depending on the appearance order in the text. The definite number is inserted in the main text in parentheses (not in a superscript way like in footnotes) and when in the further text you refer to this source, you use the same number for referencing to it. At the end of the paper, you will have to collect all the references in one list in the respective order. Numbered references are suitable for the texts where there are many numbers and terms and you may need many references or even hyperlinks to explain them. Examples In text: Scholars often complain that there are too many styles for references that may only waste our time we could spend on deeper research. (1-4) In the list of references: Brown, J. The Challenges of the Modern Education: Requirements and Academic Writing. Oxford: Scholars Press, 2018. Examples of numerical styles One of the most standardized styles of numerated referencing is Vancouver style. But more often you can hear mentioning only â€Å"numerated referencing† without specifying Vancouver style. As well as Harvard style, this method of making references may be altered depending on the university requirements, time of publication and other factors. But the unique Vancouver style of referencing will remain the same and you may use it as a starting point to organize a large number of references in your paper. Changes in referencing approaches – e-sources and DOI The DOI style, or A Digital Object Identifier, is standardized and currently a very common method for making references to the online sources. This is like the connection between an ISBN and a URL. It is a unique and stable identifier that marks the particular source in electronic format and allows looking for it in the database. URL features are in its functioning as the â€Å"address† to the source and make it possible to found it quickly. Most of the articles published today online use DOI method. The main info of the DOI is collected in the centralized database as metadata. This is a very convenient option for those, who use referencing software. All you need is to input the DOI of the article and the system will collect the required bibliographic data. But the most convenient feature is that the metadata is being regularly updated so the unique DOI will contain the relevant URL and other info about the article. Type http://dx.doi.org/ before any DOI identifier and it will find the most suitable place in the article for reference. If the source is open, it will direct to the page where the full article is available. In other cases, it will lead to the login page or any other page that will help you to get access to the original source. The referencing techniques are still in the process of incorporating DOI. However, recent editions of APA and MLA now contain guidelines for using DOI as the references and even make it possible to exclude some details about the source of your reference have DOI.

Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Coursework Example Equitable distribution of income Protecting their economy’s environment The order of importance of the objectives varies for different economies due to their different governments and institutions. Most economies would consider inflation as the most important objective where as other economies with a more socialist approach would focus on equitable distribution of income and reducing unemployment. One of the conflicts governments might face is the tradeoff between inflation, employment and GDP growth. When unemployment tends to fall in an economic boost and a strong GDP, the economy may face high inflation rates, both demand-pull and cost-push and the power of money to buy also called the purchasing power parity falls. This may actually have counter effect than what it should have, that is, positive, due to a rise in GDP. Any policies that control inflation may also lower the employment rate, thus achieving one objective, but conflicting the other. The economy may also experie nce deflation, which is negative inflation and which again lowers the employment rate, and raises the unemployment rate. Then there is the conflict between the objectives of economic growth and environmental protection. In an effort to shift the production frontier outwards, governments may have to forgo the fact that they are putting pressure on the already scarce resources, and actually may lower the living standards which are objectives in almost all economies and may also deplete the scarce resources in their effort to grow. They may also threaten the sustainability of the environment for generations to come. The third conflict is between economic growth and inflation. Rising demand for goods and services may not only increase the price of output but also the price on inputs such as raw materials, energy prices and wages. And so this would lead to increasing inflation, and in some cases hyperinflation. China and India in 2010 faced this kind of accelerating inflation. Higher rat es of inflation are also detrimental to economic growth since they affect profits, businesses and jobs. Interest rates curb the high rates of inflation and high interest rates actually appreciate the currency and have a negative impact on exports since they become expensive on the global market and their demand falls thus having a negative impact on the growth rate of the economy. The last conflict is between balance of payments and economic growth. A higher GDP is achieved when consumer demand is usually high. And this usually leads to a worsening of the balance of trade especially if the marginal propensity to trade is high. (Mankiw, 2000) Lastly, the betterment of the balance of payment situation can actually boost growth in the economy, especially by exports, but may cause another objective to fail, that is, it might lead to demand pull inflation in certain cases. (Mankiw, 2000) Governments also have direct control over two of the economy’s macroeconomic policies: fiscal and monetary policies. Fiscal policies deal with the economy’s budget and are managed by the Legislative and Executive branches of the government. Monetary policies are conducted by the central bank of the economy or the Federal Reserve. Fiscal policy is a means by which government controls the economy by adjusting its spending and the tax rate. When the